Endocrine Abstracts

Synthesized chemicals that not existed in the environment have been troubled endocrine physiology. These endocrine disruptors (EDs) had been noted and replaced with other chemicals. Most of compound banned for production act as an estrogen. But other than estrogen, especially thyroid hormone related EDs are noted for early brain and neural development. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are representative known as thyroid disruptor because of its structural similarity. 2,4,6-t...

Calcium ion is important for physiological functions in all tissues and organs, and is essential for many vital functions. Calcium in lumen is absorbed to cytosol, and Calbindin-D9k binds calcium. It can remove calcium to extracellular through PMCA1 and NCX1. However, in the rat esophagus, the calcium related gene regulations and localizations were not well documented. We evaluated calcium related genes including Calbindin-D9k, PMCA1, and NCX1. Immature rats were daily treated...

The measurement of androgens is critical for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) but it has been difficult based on poor specificity and sensitivity of assays in the female range. The direct total androgen activity can be measured with dihydrotestosterone equivalent concentration (DEQ) using chemically activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) bioassays. The aim of the study is to determine whether DEQ levels can be the index for hyperandrogenemia to be requir...

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) constitutes the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Recently, the potential influence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on the development of PCOS has been suggested. The aim of the present study is to determine whether dihydrotestosterone equivalent concentration (DEQ) representing total androgenic activities including androgen derivatives from EDCs measured by chemically activated luciferase gene ex...

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting reproductive women. Treatments with Chinese herbal mixtures (HM) and electro-acupuncture (EA) have been proven efficient in clinic. This study evaluated the peripheral and central effects of HM and EA in dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced PCOS rats. The female Wistar rats were divided into control (C), control with placebo (CP), DHT-induced PCOS model (PCOS), PCOS model exposed to herbal mi...

Estrogen Receptor (ER) regulation of target gene transcription is a significant factor in tumor development and progression. Previous work on ER-mediated transcription focused primarily on promoter regions of target genes, although recent work from our lab combining ER Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) with tiled microarrays covering chromosomes 21 and 22, showed that distal enhancers appear to be the primary ER binding sites, and that these sites require the Forkhead prote...

Background: Struma ovarii is a germ cell tumor of the ovary containing ≥ 50% thyroid tissue and malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a very rare disease containing papillary or follicular thyroid carcinomas (FTC). There is no consensus on optimal management for patients with MSO and no data on radioactive iodine (RAI) responsiveness. Here, we report two cases with RAI refractory MSO with NRAS mutation detected by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Case ...

Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) are heterogeneous malignancies that arise from complex cellular interactions within the tissue microenvironment. Until recently, the absence of reliable methods to unmix tumor- and stroma-derived signals has precluded a comprehensive understanding of how GEP-NETs arise in different tissues. Here, we sought to decipher tumor-derived signals from the surrounding microenvironment by applying Nanostring Digital Sp...

Background: Unlike excellent prognosis of classical papillary thyroid carcinoma (cPTC), certain pathological subtypes of aggressive variants of PTC (AV-PTC) are considered to have poor clinical outcome. However, the evidence of unfavorable outcome of AV-PTC is not clear because previous studies did not control other confounding factors contributed to clinical outcomes.Methods: This retrospective cohort study initially included 4339 patients with cPTC and...

BackgroundAggressive variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been described with increasing frequency and are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes. However, limited data exists on the comprehensive genetic profile of these variants.MethodWe performed targeted next generation sequencing in 36 patients with aggressive variants of PTC and compared it to PTC from The Cancer Genome Atlas projec...